Biography:

Mallika Lavania has completed her PhD from Agra University. She is the Senior Research Scientist of Stanley Browne Laboratory, The Leprosy Mission Trust, India, a premier organization which works with individuals and communities disadvantaged by leprosy, irrespective of caste, creed and religion, by addressing their physical, mental, social and spiritual needs to uphold human dignity and eradicate leprosy. She has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of BMC Infectious Diseases.

Abstract:

Leprosy caused by multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium leprae is an emerging public health concern worldwide. Global efforts to control leprosy by intensive chemotherapy have led to a significant decrease in the number of registered patients. Current recommended control measures for treating leprosy with MDT are designed to prevent the spread of drug-resistant M. leprae. However, drug resistance has been reported since 1964 for dapsone, 1976 for rifampicin and 1996 for ofloxacin. We report here the identification of a multidrug-resistant strain of M. leprae from relapsed leprosy patients from an endemic region in India. The drug resistant profiles of the isolated strains were confirmed by the identification of mutations in genes previously shown to be associated with resistance to each drug (Rifampicin, Dapsone and Ofloxacin). Two hundred and fifty slit- skin smears samples were collected from relapse leprosy cases from different hospitals of The Leprosy Mission across India between 2009 and 2016. DNAs were extracted from these samples and analyzed for PCR targeting genes associated with drugs (Rifampicin, Dapsone and Ofloxacin) in M. leprae. Thai-53 (Wild-type) and Zensko 4 (MDR) strains were used as reference strains. Twelve strains showed representative mutations in more than two genes and two strain showed mutation in all three genes responsible for rifampicin, dapsone and ofloxacin. Among these eleven strains 9 strains were showed mutation in rifampicin and dapsone and 3 showed in dapsone and ofloxacin. The study showed occurrence of MDR strains of M.leprae in MDT treated leprosy patients from endemic regions of India.

 

Biography:

Mahnoush Momeni specialized in General Surgery from Tehran Medical University in 2003 and has been working in the Burn and Trauma Center with the plastic surgery team ever since. She is involved in research about burns, wounds and plastic surgery. She is also a member of Burn Research Center at Iran Medical University

Abstract:

A double -stranded DNA virus of family of Para Pox causes Orf disease. Human infection mostly is because of occupational hazard and infected animals handling.

Our patient was an 18 year old woman who was burned in 2015. One week after admission in the hospital she has been undergone skin graft of upper extremity however vegetative granulomatous ulceration was appeared on wound hence grafted area was failed. With careful History investigation we noticed that the water which had been used to turn out the flame was drinking bottle for sheeps.

With the suspecting of Orf disease we disinfected all the wounds and dressing tools with Dakin’s solution. We waited about 12 days to do skin graft and most of skin grafted area was taken afterwards .PCR test for Para pox viruses was positive.

Conclusion:

In burn patient with a history of probable contamination, the Orf disease should be considered.

Manipulation of the disease in early stages in burn wound could potentially spread it and change the degree of the wound. For prevention of nosocomial outbreak of orf, wound care and wound disinfection should be done perfectly .Isolation and disinfection of all the dressing tool should be considered. The education of wound care providers in burn hospital and perfect wound disinfection would protect the patient from cross contamination and following this phase all the graft would be taken.

Biography:

Luciene Airy Nagashima has completed her MD and PhD in Microbiology at the State University of Londrina, Brazil. Her research is focused on immune response to fungal infection, especially with experimental infection with Arthrographis kalrae and its hemolytic factors. She is currently working as an Industrial Biotechnology Analyst in the Institute of Technology of Parana (Brazil), with the production of antigens for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis, tuberculosis and enzootic bovine leukosis.

Abstract:

Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused primarily by Mycobacterium bovis. This zoonotic disease constitutes a public health issue and causes damage to the agricultural industry. In Brazil, the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis establishes mandatory measures such as the diagnosis tests in animals. The standard method for detection of bovine tuberculosis is the tuberculin test, which uses the purified protein derivate (PPD) as antigen. The bovine tuberculin PPD is a complex mixture of proteins derived from the cultivation of M. bovis. Its composition and mechanisms involved in the immune response of the tuberculin test are not entirely clear. In the present work, bovine tuberculins which had low reactivity in the skin test in sensitized guinea pigs compared to a reference preparation, and tuberculins with positive results in potency test were analyzed by immune enzymatic assay (ELISA) and by western blot. The results showed differences in reactivity of the antibodies to the different samples of tuberculin, in both tests. The tuberculins with lower potencies revealed low intensity bands, especially below 30 kDa, which indicates that the proteins in these bands may be essential to the immunogenicity of the product. The identification of these proteins could help to elucidate which proteins are effective in intradermal reaction, enabling the development of more specific tests.